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Starting with a core introduction to the physics of the oceans, we cover processes and budgets involved in the exchange of heat, water and trace chemicals between the atmosphere and ocean. Emphasis is on the role of ocean physics in ocean chemistry and biology - and ultimately the Earth System. Regarding the dynamical character of the seas and oceans, we explain tides, waves and ocean currents - and how objects drift at sea. We also cover important physical phenomena such as optical oceanography and ocean acoustics - and application of this knowledge.

The upper atmosphere consists of the outermost layers of Earth's atmosphere, above about 90 km altitude, on the edge of space. It is a very different place to the atmosphere we live in at ground level; temperatures reach extremes of cold (< 200 K) and extremes of hot (> 1000 K), waves cause fluctuations with huge amplitudes compared to the ground level weather, and the wind speed is often many times faster than hurricane force. A part of the upper atmosphere is ionised, forming the ionosphere, allowing electric currents to flow and influencing the propagation of radio waves. Photons emitted from the upper atmosphere are observed as the aurora and airglow.

We now know that the atmospheric layers are much more coupled than previously thought, so things happening in the upper atmosphere can influence energy and momentum transfer in the atmosphere below, and vice-versa. Changes in chemical composition in the upper atmosphere caused by energetic particles from the Sun can also lead to important composition changes in the middle atmosphere, for example in the ozone concentration. Meteorologists are therefore expanding their models into the upper atmosphere to improve forecasts of weather and climate. A rapidly increasing number of spacecraft orbit within the upper atmosphere, and therefore an understanding of its variability and dynamics is vital for a society increasingly dependent on space technology.

This module will provide an overview of the physics and chemistry of the upper atmosphere and ionosphere. Methods for measuring and observing the upper atmosphere will also be introduced, and recent research results will be discussed.

The upper atmosphere consists of the outermost layers of Earth's atmosphere, above about 90 km altitude, on the edge of space. It is a very different place to the atmosphere we live in at ground level; temperatures reach extremes of cold (< 200 K) and extremes of hot (> 1000 K), waves cause fluctuations with huge amplitudes compared to the ground level weather, and the wind speed is often many times faster than hurricane force. A part of the upper atmosphere is ionised, forming the ionosphere, allowing electric currents to flow and influencing the propagation of radio waves. Photons emitted from the upper atmosphere are observed as the aurora and airglow.

We now know that the atmospheric layers are much more coupled than previously thought, so things happening in the upper atmosphere can influence energy and momentum transfer in the atmosphere below, and vice-versa. Changes in chemical composition in the upper atmosphere caused by energetic particles from the Sun can also lead to important composition changes in the middle atmosphere, for example in the ozone concentration. Meteorologists are therefore expanding their models into the upper atmosphere to improve forecasts of weather and climate. A rapidly increasing number of spacecraft orbit within the upper atmosphere, and therefore an understanding of its variability and dynamics is vital for a society increasingly dependent on space technology.

This module will provide an overview of the physics and chemistry of the upper atmosphere and ionosphere. Methods for measuring and observing the upper atmosphere will also be introduced, and recent research results will be discussed.

The primary goal is to provide students with the practical programming and data analysis skills that are necessary for both their degree course and most careers in physics. Python is used as the introductory programming language, and numerical simulations will be used extensively in order to introduce and illustrate key statistical concepts. The emphasis throughout will be on developing insight, understanding and practical skills, as opposed to the formal/mathematical aspects of programming and statistics. The skills developed in this module will be required in many experimental/practical modules across all physics programmes.

The primary goal is to provide students with the practical programming and data analysis skills that are necessary for both their degree course and most careers in physics. Python is used as the introductory programming language, and numerical simulations will be used extensively in order to introduce and illustrate key statistical concepts. The emphasis throughout will be on developing insight, understanding and practical skills, as opposed to the formal/mathematical aspects of programming and statistics. The skills developed in this module will be required in many experimental/practical modules across all physics programmes.

The Physics Skills units develop a range of skills needed by a professional physicist, including facility in conducting experiments and in analysing and reporting their results. Physics Skills 1 runs in first semester and its companion Physics Skills 2 (PHYS1019) follows in the second semester. Classes are held in the first year teaching lab and the teaching rooms in the Physics
Building (Building 46).

The first semester module PHYS1017 is a prerequisite for PHYS1019.

The Physics Skills units develop a range of skills needed by a professional physicist, including facility in conducting experiments and in analysing and reporting their results. Physics Skills 1 runs in first semester and its companion Physics Skills 2 (PHYS1019) follows in the second semester. Classes are held in the first year teaching lab and the teaching rooms in the Physics
Building (Building 46).

The first semester module PHYS1017 is a prerequisite for PHYS1019.

The Physics Skills units develop a range of skills needed by a professional physicist, including facility in conducting experiments and in analysing and reporting their results. Physics Skills 1 runs in first semester and its companion Physics Skills 2 (PHYS1019) follows in the second semester. Classes are held in the first year teaching lab and the teaching rooms in the Physics
Building (Building 46).

The first semester module PHYS1017 is a prerequisite for PHYS1019.

The Physics Skills units develop a range of skills needed by a professional physicist, including facility in conducting experiments and in analysing and reporting their results. Physics Skills 1 runs in first semester and its companion Physics Skills 2 (PHYS1019) follows in the second semester. Classes are held in the first year teaching lab and the teaching rooms in the Physics
Building (Building 46).

The first semester module PHYS1017 is a prerequisite for PHYS1019.

The primary goal is to provide students with a full academic year of research experience at a world-leading research institute dedicated to quantum science and technology (Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Japan). This will enable our top students to experience the cutting edge of research in their chosen discipline, priming them for a career in the quantum sciences. The emphasis throughout is on developing insight, understanding, and practical skills within the context of a research setting, and supporting students to take a leading role and set their own research agenda.